The great barrier reef is called "coral paradise of Australia". It is known as the largest bio-system on the planet and one of the few objects that can be seen from outer space.
Gate reef is located on an area of 348 698 square kilometers. miles between Cape York in the North and Lady Elliot Island to the South. Includes around 2,900 reef, over 300 islands and coral shoals, part of which are covered with exotic vegetation.
Great barrier reef is the longest coral reef in the world (2000 km). It is home to over 400 species of coral formations and 1500 species of fish. Among its unique inhabitants have whales, killer whales, the big green turtle, sea cow "and other endangered species.
Because of the uniqueness of its nature, the coral reef is located under the auspices of UNESCO.
"Its Inhabitants" live in huge groups, each one of which is set by the individual coral polyps that divide many times. In appearance they resemble anemone. They consist of soft body, enclosed in an external skeleton, forming reef. In turn, the living coral reef arises from the rotation of live with dead coral formations. The accumulation of coral is obtained from the skeletons of dead organisms that grow up living. The notion of the unique flower extravaganza in the ocean is a consequence of the brilliance and the variety of colors of coral formations. The reef is also known as one of the most curious geological landmarks on the planet and by reason of his solid rifoobrazni reliefs -extremely diverse in their shapes and sizes.
It is in the area of the great barrier reef was opened and the smallest vertebrate form of life in the world. A team of Australian and American scientists called the fish, dwells on the coral reef lagoons of Schindleria brevipinguis,. Although Ocean biologists know about its existence since 1979, has only recently been able to clarify its origin and variety. Prof. Dr. Tom Trinski and his colleague from the Australian Museum Dr. Jeff Lejs are of the opinion that barely Schindleria brevipinguis weighing 1 milligram and long 7-8 mm, represents a new kind of organic life in the region.
But as alarming alert world information agencies, the lives of coral paradise of Australia is threatened with extinction.
Over-fishing of deep-water fish, serious pollution and soil erosion in coastal farms were among the main reasons for the appeal of environmentalists. Their plan to protect the reef barrier on a strict ban on fishing in the main part of its territory. The other reason for their concern is related to the global warming of the Earth's climate. For example, "Unfortunately" the coral formations is the result of global climate warming in the region.
The fact that the great barrier reef is a tourist attraction would have disastrous consequences for tourism and the fishing industry of Australia. Thanks to him, annual revenues in the Australian budget from tourism in this region amounted to 2 billion and 700 million dollars. According to preliminary data, the potential losses will amount to millions of dollars and thousands of Australians will lose their jobs. The proposal of conservationists is related to the concentration of tourist activity in a specific part of the reef. This will allow the rest of the great barrier reef to preserve an undisturbed from unwanted interference.
According to biologists from the Center for marine studies at the University of Queensland coral formations could not adapt to the new climatic conditions quickly enough to survive in this biological environment. A huge part of them will die in the next 50 years because of the actual increase in temperatures in the region. Even the most optimistic forecast, predicting warming to 2 degrees Celsius, dismissed the possibility of their successful adaptation to the new climate picture. Experts warn that by the middle of this century the coral organisms will disappear completely and irrevocably.
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